A: Frames must have an accessible name (WCAG 4.1.2) 

• Meaning
• Impact
• Recommendation
• Examples

Ensure that <iframe> and <frame> elements have a non-empty title attribute.

This means

Every embedding via <iframe> or deprecated <frame> requires a meaningful, non-empty title. The title concisely describes the purpose or content of the embedded area, for example "Branch Map Downtown" or "YouTube Video Introduction Accessibility".

Impact

Without a comprehensible title, screen readers announce the embedding only as "frame." Users do not know what to expect, making navigation and orientation difficult, and the page violates WCAG.

Recommendation

• Set a meaningful title: short, clear, goal-oriented; no placeholders like "frame1" or "content."

• Localize: title in the language of the page.

• Unique per page, especially with multiple iframes.

• Purely technical or decorative embedding: if not relevant for people, remove from assistive technology (aria-hidden="true" and tabindex="-1") or better remove entirely.

• No replacement by aria label: title remains decisive for naming frames.

Example

Problematic

<iframe src="/embed/video"></iframe>                 <!-- no title -->
<iframe src="/map" title=""></iframe>               <!-- empty title -->
<iframe src="/ads" aria-label="Advertisement"></iframe>   <!-- aria-label does not replace title -->

Better

<iframe src="/embed/video" title="Product Video Accessibility"></iframe>
<iframe src="/map" title="Branch Map Berlin Downtown"></iframe>

Deprecated framesets (for completeness only)

<frameset cols="25%,75%">
  <frame src="nav.html" title="Navigation">
  <frame src="content.html" title="Main Content Product Details">
</frameset>

Related WCAG criterion:
WCAG 4.1.2 - Name, Role, Value